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CIVICS-PUBLIC-POLITI · Common Test for University Admissions (大学入学共通テスト)

CIVICS-PUBLIC-POLITI/11

Public, Politics and Economy

Civics: Public & Politics and Economics · 2022 · Variant 1

Relative difficulty

Demanding · 4.0/5

Analysis source: National Center for University Entrance Examinations (DNC)

Analysis aligned to the official syllabus and assessment design.

Relative difficulty

4.0 / 5

Total marks

100

Duration

60 min

Most tested topic

Policy and data reasoning: fiscal policy, monetary policy, social security, elections, constitutional principles and international economic interdependence.

Cohort performance

Session statistics from official examination reports

Total marks

100

Duration

60 min

Session difficulty

4.0 / 5

Calculator policy

Scientific calculators permitted only where specified in the DNC implementation guidelines; programming functions and CAS are prohibited. En

Key examiner messages

Top priorities from the principal examiner before you revise

1

公共・政治経済 covers public life, constitutional democracy, law, political institutions, international relations, markets, finance, labor, welfare and global economic issues. R7 Common Test questions require students to apply political and economic concepts to data, institutions and…

2

Political-economy questions often combine institution knowledge with a graph or policy note; both must be consistent with the selected answer.

3

In a 60-minute social paper, quantitative items are usually simple but punishing if formulas are not written down.

4

Demand-supply questions require checking whether the curve shifts or movement occurs along the curve. A price change alone is not always a shift.

5

The DNC Problem Evaluation Committee publishes per-subject reports after each January session, rating alignment with the Course of Study (学習指導要領), item difficulty balance, and whether items discriminate without exceeding syllabus scope.

Question difficulty map

How candidates performed on each question in this series

No data available in official reports

Assessment objectives

Skill and AO weighting from official examiner commentary

Understand constitutional principles, political institutions and democratic participation.
Explain market mechanisms, public finance, monetary policy, labor and welfare systems.
Interpret economic data, diagrams and policy scenarios.
Analyze domestic and international issues using political and economic concepts.
Evaluate policy trade-offs with evidence from sources and basic calculations.

Skill weighting

Cognitive skills emphasised in official test design.

Institutional understandingInstitutionalunderstandingEconomic reasoning and calculationEconomicreasoning andData interpretationDatainterpretationPolicy evaluationPolicyevaluation
SkillWeightShare
  • Economic reasoning and calculation

    Weight: 30100%
  • Data interpretation

    Weight: 2687%
  • Institutional understanding

    Weight: 2480%
  • Policy evaluation

    Weight: 2067%

Method marks watchlist

Where working, steps, or method marks were commonly lost

No data available in official reports

Recurring mistakes across years

Themes examiners flag in multiple recent sessions for this subject

Economic policy: Confusing fiscal stimulus with monetary easing. — Ask whether the actor is government budget/tax authority or central ba…

2024 20242023 20232021 20212020 20204 sessions

Exchange rates: Reversing yen appreciation and depreciation effects. — If the yen appreciates, imports become cheaper in yen and exports …

2024 20242023 20232021 20212020 20204 sessions

Constitution: Treating political custom as if it were a constitutional rule. — Separate written constitutional principles, statute law, c…

2024 20242023 20232021 20212020 20204 sessions

Data: Comparing absolute budgets across years without adjusting for GDP or population. — Use the denominator supplied and compare rates o…

2024 20242023 20232021 20212020 20204 sessions

International relations: Memorizing organization names without knowing purpose or membership logic. — Attach each institution to security…

2024 20242023 20232021 20212020 20204 sessions

Question choice intelligence

Mean scores and popularity for optional questions (HKDSE electives)

No data available in official reports

Level exemplars

What candidate scripts at each grade level looked like

No data available in official reports

Grade & admission context

How marks relate to grade thresholds and entry standards

Official body

National Center for University Entrance Examinations (DNC)

Grading system

Per-subject raw scores (素点); universities convert to deviation values (偏差値, mean 50) — no national pass/fail grade

Scale band

0–100 raw

Scale band

Deviation 50 = mean

Scale band

University cut-off

Deep insights

What top candidates did

Techniques and approaches examiners rewarded in this series

Draw the institution chain

For politics, map who chooses whom, who checks whom and who can make which decision. Constitutional, parliamentary, cabinet, court and local-government questions become easier as authority chains.

Master graph mechanics

For demand-supply, exchange rates, inflation and unemployment, label axes and direction before reading the scenario. Many errors come from reversing appreciation/depreciation or surplus/shortage.

Know fiscal versus monetary policy

Fiscal policy changes taxes and government spending; monetary policy changes money supply, interest rates and credit conditions. Tie each to inflation, employment, debt and exchange-rate effects.

Read percentages carefully

Economic tables often require percentage change, share of GDP or dependency ratio. Write the formula: change rate = (new - old) / old x 100.

Evaluate policy trade-offs

For welfare, labor and environment, list beneficiaries, payers, short-term effects and long-term incentives. The best option usually balances multiple constraints.

Connect Japan and the world

Trade, exchange rates, security, development and global institutions frequently appear through data. Learn how domestic policy is constrained by international interdependence.

Command word playbook

How to match each command word to the expected response style

No data available in official reports

Time traps

Sections where candidates spent disproportionate time relative to marks

No data available in official reports

Syllabus traceability

Topics linked to questions and mark weighting in this session

Constitution, rights, law and political institutions

Official topic weighting

Market economy, firms, labor and household activity

Official topic weighting

Public finance, social security and monetary policy

Official topic weighting

International politics, trade and global issues

Official topic weighting

MCQ trap analytics

Commonly chosen wrong options from examiner commentary

No data available in official reports

Topic heatmap across years

Mark concentration by topic and exam year for this subject

Mark intensity

LowHigh
Topic
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Σ

Constitution, rights, law and political institutions

27
27
27
27
27
135

Market economy, firms, labor and household activity

25
25
25
25
25
125

Public finance, social security and monetary policy

25
25
25
25
25
125

International politics, trade and global issues

23
23
23
23
23
115

Difficulty trend

How session difficulty has shifted across recent years

20202021202220232024
2020 2020 · 4.0/52021 2021 · 4.0/52022 2022 · 4.0/52023 2023 · 4.0/52024 2024 · 4.2/5

Paper comparison

Marks and duration breakdown across papers in this session

Public, Politics and Economy: for one subject / when taking two subjects Multiple-choice with legal/political sources, economic graphs, tables and policy cases

100 marks60 min

Marks you can still earn

Where valid approaches outside the mark scheme may still gain credit

No data available in official reports

Practise what examiners flagged

Target weak topics from this report inside the Revui app

Self-diagnostic checklist

Key actions before you sit this paper — copy and tick off as you revise

  • 1Message

    公共・政治経済 covers public life, constitutional democracy, law, political institutions, international relations, markets, finance, labor, welfare and global economic issues. R7 Common Test questions require students to apply political and economic concepts to data, institutions and…

  • 2Message

    Political-economy questions often combine institution knowledge with a graph or policy note; both must be consistent with the selected answer.

  • 3Message

    In a 60-minute social paper, quantitative items are usually simple but punishing if formulas are not written down.

  • 4Message

    Demand-supply questions require checking whether the curve shifts or movement occurs along the curve. A price change alone is not always a shift.

  • 5Message

    The DNC Problem Evaluation Committee publishes per-subject reports after each January session, rating alignment with the Course of Study (学習指導要領), item difficulty balance, and whether items discriminate without exceeding syllabus scope.

  • 6Pitfall

    Economic policy: Confusing fiscal stimulus with monetary easing. — Ask whether the actor is government budget/tax authority or central ba…

  • 7Pitfall

    Exchange rates: Reversing yen appreciation and depreciation effects. — If the yen appreciates, imports become cheaper in yen and exports …

  • 8Pitfall

    Constitution: Treating political custom as if it were a constitutional rule. — Separate written constitutional principles, statute law, c…

  • 9Pitfall

    Data: Comparing absolute budgets across years without adjusting for GDP or population. — Use the denominator supplied and compare rates o…

  • 10Pitfall

    International relations: Memorizing organization names without knowing purpose or membership logic. — Attach each institution to security…

  • 11Strength

    Draw the institution chain: For politics, map who chooses whom, who checks whom and who can make which decision. Constitutional,

  • 12Strength

    Master graph mechanics: For demand-supply, exchange rates, inflation and unemployment, label axes and direction before readi

  • 13Strength

    Know fiscal versus monetary policy: Fiscal policy changes taxes and government spending; monetary policy changes money supply, interest

Teacher briefing pack

One-page session summary for tutors and classroom review

2022 2022

Civics: Public & Politics and Economics

公共・政治経済 covers public life, constitutional democracy, law, political institutions, international relations, markets, finance, labor, welfare and global economic issues. R7 Common Test questions require students to apply political and economic concepts to data, institutions and co

  • 公共・政治経済 covers public life, constitutional democracy, law, political institutions, international relations, markets, finance, labor, welfare and global economic issues. R7 Common Test questions require students to apply political and economic concepts to data, institutions and…

  • Political-economy questions often combine institution knowledge with a graph or policy note; both must be consistent with the selected answer.

  • In a 60-minute social paper, quantitative items are usually simple but punishing if formulas are not written down.

  • Economic policy: Confusing fiscal stimulus with monetary easing. — Ask whether the actor is government budget/tax authority or central ba…

  • Exchange rates: Reversing yen appreciation and depreciation effects. — If the yen appreciates, imports become cheaper in yen and exports …

Total marks
100
Duration
60 min
Session difficulty
4.0 / 5
Calculator policy
Scientific calculators permitted only where specified in the DNC implementation guidelines; programming functions and CAS are prohibited. En

Session analysis

公共・政治経済 covers public life, constitutional democracy, law, political institutions, international relations, markets, finance, labor, welfare and global economic issues. R7 Common Test questions require students to apply political and economic concepts to data, institutions and contemporary policy choices. National Center for University Entrance Examinations (DNC) emphasises policy and data reasoning: fiscal policy, monetary policy, social security, elections, constitutional principles and international economic interdependence.. Priority revision: Constitution, rights, law and political institutions, Market economy, firms, labor and household activity, Public finance, social security and monetary policy, International politics, trade and global issues. For politics, map who chooses whom, who checks whom and who can make which decision. Constitutional, parliamentary, cabinet, court and local-government questions become easier as authority chains.

Updated 2026-07-03

Paper breakdown

Public, Politics and Economy: for one subject / when taking two subjects Multiple-choice with legal/political sources, economic graphs, tables and policy cases

100 marks60 min

Top chapters

Constitution, rights, law and political institutions27 marks
Market economy, firms, labor and household activity25 marks
Public finance, social security and monetary policy25 marks
International politics, trade and global issues23 marks

Exam structure insights

Marks by syllabus topic

Revision priority from official test-design weighting.

Constitution, rights, law and politi27 marks
Market economy, firms, labor and hou25 marks
Public finance, social security and 25 marks
International politics, trade and gl23 marks

Mark accessibility

Estimated difficulty spread based on official design.

Policy and data reasoning: fiscal policy, monetary policy, social security, elec

23
46
31
Easy: 23 marksMedium: 46 marksHard: 31 marks

Paper structure

Official paper breakdown for this subject.

100Marks
  • Public, Politics and Economy

    100·10·100%

Official syllabus scope

公共・政治経済 covers public life, constitutional democracy, law, political institutions, international relations, markets, finance, labor, welfare and global economic issues. R7 Common Test questions require students to apply political and economic concepts to data, institutions and contemporary policy choices.

Difficulty verdict

Rated 4/5 for January sessions. Policy and data reasoning: fiscal policy, monetary policy, social security, elections, constitutional principles and international economic interdependence.

What examiners measure

1. Understand constitutional principles, political institutions and democratic participation. 2. Explain market mechanisms, public finance, monetary policy, labor and welfare systems. 3. Interpret economic data, diagrams and policy scenarios. 4. Analyze domestic and international issues using political and economic concepts. 5. Evaluate policy trade-offs with evidence from sources and basic calculations.

Where the marks are

Highest-weight syllabus areas: Constitution, rights, law and political institutions; Market economy, firms, labor and household activity; Public finance, social security and monetary policy; International politics, trade and global issues.

Examiner notes & key calculations

  • Political-economy questions often combine institution knowledge with a graph or policy note; both must be consistent with the selected answer.
  • In a 60-minute social paper, quantitative items are usually simple but punishing if formulas are not written down.
  • Demand-supply questions require checking whether the curve shifts or movement occurs along the curve. A price change alone is not always a shift.
  • Social security items often involve aging, dependency ratio and fiscal sustainability. Calculate working-age support pressure when data permits.
  • Election and representation questions may test both fairness and governability; understand single-member districts, proportional representation and mixed systems.
  • International economy questions often ask about comparative advantage, tariffs, exchange rates or balance of payments through a concrete scenario.
  • Official reports value judgment and expression, so prepare to reason from sources rather than hunt for memorized sentences.
  • Paper 1: Public, Politics and Economy · 100 marks · 60 min for one subject / 130 min when taking two subjects · Multiple-choice with legal/political sources, economic graphs, tables and policy cases.

Exam tips

Paper format

Duration
60 min for one subject / 130 min when taking two subjects
Total marks
100
Weighting
100%
Question types
Multiple-choice with legal/political sources, economic graphs, tables and policy cases
  • For politics, map who chooses whom, who checks whom and who can make which decision. Constitutional, parliamentary, cabinet, court and local-government questions become easier as authority chains.
  • For demand-supply, exchange rates, inflation and unemployment, label axes and direction before reading the scenario. Many errors come from reversing appreciation/depreciation or surplus/shortage.
  • Fiscal policy changes taxes and government spending; monetary policy changes money supply, interest rates and credit conditions. Tie each to inflation, employment, debt and exchange-rate effects.

Common mistakes

  • Economic policy

    Confusing fiscal stimulus with monetary easing.

    How to avoid: Ask whether the actor is government budget/tax authority or central bank/credit authority.

  • Exchange rates

    Reversing yen appreciation and depreciation effects.

    How to avoid: If the yen appreciates, imports become cheaper in yen and exports become more expensive abroad.

  • Constitution

    Treating political custom as if it were a constitutional rule.

    How to avoid: Separate written constitutional principles, statute law, cabinet practice and political convention.

Analysis is paraphrased for study purposes. Always verify against the official examiner report and mark scheme.

CIVICS-PUBLIC-POLITI/11 — Common Test for University Admissions (大学入学共通テスト) Civics: Public & Politics and Economics (2022) | Revui