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COMMERCE · Pearson Edexcel IGCSE

COMMERCE/22

Paper 2

Commerce · June 2025 · Variant 2

Relative difficulty

Standard · 3.0/5

Analysis source: Pearson Edexcel

Analysis aligned to the official syllabus and assessment design.

Relative difficulty

3.0 / 5

Total marks

160

Duration

180 min

Most tested topic

Insurance types, principles, and commercial risk mitigation

Cohort performance

Session statistics from official examination reports

Total marks

160

Duration

180 min

Session difficulty

3.0 / 5

Key examiner messages

Top priorities from the principal examiner before you revise

1

The marks in both papers were evenly distributed across four main assessment objectives (AO1, AO2, AO3, and AO4).

2

Candidates secured high marks in the straightforward AO1 definition and identification questions (e.g., defining venture capital and identifying lowest/highest populations from tables).

3

Crucially, the quantitative calculation questions—such as finding the discounted price of a saree and calculating gross profit—offered easily accessible marks, provided that candidates showed clear mathematical working.

Question difficulty map

How candidates performed on each question in this series

No data available in official reports

Assessment objectives

Skill and AO weighting from official examiner commentary

Knowledge & Understanding7
Recall Application of6
Analytical Decomposition4
Critical Evaluation2

Skill weighting

Shows the skill mix this paper tested most heavily.

Knowledge & UnderstandingKnowledge &UnderstandingRecall Application ofRecallApplication ofAnalytical DecompositionAnalyticalDecompositionCritical EvaluationCriticalEvaluation
SkillWeightShare
  • Knowledge & Understanding

    Weight: 7100%
  • Recall Application of

    Weight: 686%
  • Analytical Decomposition

    Weight: 457%
  • Critical Evaluation

    Weight: 229%

Method marks watchlist

Where working, steps, or method marks were commonly lost

Method marks

Losing marks on calculation questions by omitting clear, step-by-step mathematical working, which prevents examiners from awarding method marks if the final answer is wrong.

Recurring mistakes across years

Themes examiners flag in multiple recent sessions for this subject

No data available in official reports

Question choice intelligence

Mean scores and popularity for optional questions (HKDSE electives)

No data available in official reports

Level exemplars

What candidate scripts at each grade level looked like

No data available in official reports

Grade & admission context

How marks relate to grade thresholds and entry standards

Report type

Examiner report — national grade boundaries and question-level commentary

Deep insights

What top candidates did

Techniques and approaches examiners rewarded in this series

No data available in official reports

Command word playbook

How to match each command word to the expected response style

WhichFrequency: 12

Match the expected response style for “Which” questions.

DefineFrequency: 7

Match the expected response style for “Define” questions.

StateFrequency: 8

Match the expected response style for “State” questions.

CalculateFrequency: 5

Show formula, substitution, and unit; method marks need visible working.

ExplainFrequency: 9

Give reasons and link mechanism to outcome; each point needs a because/so chain.

AnalyseFrequency: 6

Break into parts and explain how each contributes to the whole question focus.

JustifyFrequency: 4

Support your choice with specific evidence from data or the scenario given.

EvaluateFrequency: 2

Weigh arguments for and against with evidence; end with a supported judgement.

Time traps

Sections where candidates spent disproportionate time relative to marks

Paper 1 - Section C45m / 40 marks

Min per mark: 1.1

Syllabus traceability

Topics linked to questions and mark weighting in this session

Insurance (Commercial Risks)

25 marks this session

Retail (Commercial Operations)

15 marks this session

International trade (Commercial Operations)

14 marks this session

Promotion (Aids for Commerce)

14 marks this session

MCQ trap analytics

Commonly chosen wrong options from examiner commentary

No data available in official reports

Topic heatmap across years

Mark concentration by topic and exam year for this subject

Mark intensity

LowHigh
Topic
2023
2024
2025
Σ

Insurance (Commercial Risks)

22
23
25
70

Promotion (Aids for Commerce)

17
35
14
66

Retail (Commercial Operations)

22
15
37

Sources of finance (Finance for Commerce)

16
16

Consumer protection legislation (Commercial Risks)

16
16

International trade (Commercial Operations)

14
14

Difficulty trend

How session difficulty has shifted across recent years

202320242025
2023 2023 · 3.0/52024 2024 · 3.5/52025 June 2025 · 3.0/5

Paper comparison

Marks and duration breakdown across papers in this session

Paper 1: Commercial operations and associated risks:

80 marks90 min

Paper 2: Facilitating commercial operations:

80 marks90 min

Marks you can still earn

Where valid approaches outside the mark scheme may still gain credit

No data available in official reports

Practise what examiners flagged

Target weak topics from this report inside the Revui app

Self-diagnostic checklist

Key actions before you sit this paper — copy and tick off as you revise

  • 1Message

    The marks in both papers were evenly distributed across four main assessment objectives (AO1, AO2, AO3, and AO4).

  • 2Message

    Candidates secured high marks in the straightforward AO1 definition and identification questions (e.g., defining venture capital and identifying lowest/highest populations from tables).

  • 3Message

    Crucially, the quantitative calculation questions—such as finding the discounted price of a saree and calculating gross profit—offered easily accessible marks, provided that candidates showed clear mathematical working.

  • 4Method

    Losing marks on calculation questions by omitting clear, step-by-step mathematical working, which prevents examiners from awarding method marks if the final ans

Teacher briefing pack

One-page session summary for tutors and classroom review

June 2025 2025

Commerce

The marks in both papers were evenly distributed across four main assessment objectives (AO1, AO2, AO3, and AO4). Candidates secured high marks in the straightforward AO1 definition and identification questions (e.g., defining venture capital and identifying lowest/highest popula

  • The marks in both papers were evenly distributed across four main assessment objectives (AO1, AO2, AO3, and AO4).

  • Candidates secured high marks in the straightforward AO1 definition and identification questions (e.g., defining venture capital and identifying lowest/highest populations from tables).

  • Crucially, the quantitative calculation questions—such as finding the discounted price of a saree and calculating gross profit—offered easily accessible marks, provided that candidates showed clear mathematical working.

Total marks
160
Duration
180 min
Session difficulty
3.0 / 5

Session analysis

The marks in both papers were evenly distributed across four main assessment objectives (AO1, AO2, AO3, and AO4). Candidates secured high marks in the straightforward AO1 definition and identification questions (e.g., defining venture capital and identifying lowest/highest populations from tables). Crucially, the quantitative calculation questions—such as finding the discounted price of a saree and calculating gross profit—offered easily accessible marks, provided that candidates showed clear mathematical working.

Updated Jun 13, 2026

Paper breakdown

Paper 1: Commercial operations and associated risks:

80 marks90 min

Paper 2: Facilitating commercial operations:

80 marks90 min

Top chapters

Insurance (Commercial Risks)25 marks
Retail (Commercial Operations)15 marks
International trade (Commercial Operations)14 marks
Promotion (Aids for Commerce)14 marks

Exam structure insights

Marks by chapter

See where the marks were concentrated so revision time goes to the highest-value topics.

Insurance (Commercial Risks)25 marks
Retail (Commercial Operations)15 marks
Promotion (Aids for Commerce)14 marks
International trade (Commercial14 marks
Commercial calculations (Financ13 marks
Methods of payment (Finance for11 marks
Improving commercial performanc11 marks
Communications (Aids for Commer9 marks

Mark accessibility

Estimate which marks were basic, mid-level, or high-difficulty.

70% within easy or medium reach

40
72
48
Easy: 40 marksMedium: 72 marksHard: 48 marks

Command word frequency

Spot common command words so answers match the expected response style.

Which12 times
Define7 times
State8 times
Calculate5 times
Explain9 times
Analyse6 times
Justify4 times
Evaluate2 times

Question type mix

Compare the mark share of each paper section and question type.

160Marks
  • Extended Writing Questions

    60·6·38%

  • Short Answer Questions

    52·24·33%

  • Medium Analytical Questions

    36·6·23%

  • Multiple Choice Questions

    (MCQ)

    12·12·8%

Study ROI

Bigger bubbles recur more often; higher bubbles carry more marks, helping you rank revision priorities.

DifficultyRecurrence %Insurance (Commerc…Commercial calcula…Methods of payment…Promotion (Aids fo…Retail (Commercial…

Time vs marks

Compare marks with suggested time allocation to plan exam pacing.

MarksMinutesMarks / min

Paper 1 - Section C

0.89 m/min
40
45

Total marks

40

Total time

45 min

Avg pace

0.89

Next-year prediction

Topics worth watching next year, with the reason shown directly below each bar.

Bad debts (Commercial Risks)

85%

85%

Warehousing (Aids for Commerce)

80%

80%

Production (Commercial Operations)

75%

75%

Examiner notes & key calculations

  • The 'Generic Answer' Trap: Examiners noted that many students wrote answers that could apply to any business. To achieve top marks, always weave case-study facts (like Sony's warehouses or Waterdrop's sugar-free cube drinks) into your analysis.
  • Neglecting Formula Practice: Misremembering key formulas (such as confusing the mark-up formula with ROCE or gross profit margin) cost candidates easy marks. Memorize formulas systematically.
  • One-Sided Evaluations: In 12-mark questions, a conclusion is not just a summary. It must be a reasoned judgment that directly addresses the prompt, weighing up the pros and cons presented in your essay.

Exam tips

Paper format

Duration
1h 30min
Total marks
80
Weighting
50%
Question types
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ), Short Answer Questions, Medium Analytical Questions, Extended Writing Questions

Analysis is paraphrased for study purposes. Always verify against the official examiner report and mark scheme.

COMMERCE/22 — Pearson Edexcel IGCSE Commerce (June 2025) | Revui